Welcome





วันพุธที่ 13 กุมภาพันธ์ พ.ศ. 2556

Subject and Predicate Exercise Page 93


A. Circle the complete subject and underline the complete predicate in each sentence.

1. John and I went for a walk in the evening.
2. This
 is where I come to buy groceries.
3. Hundreds of people
 visit the museum every week.
4. The moon
 is the earth's natural satellite.
5. Mrs. Banks
 took her nephew to the zoo yesterday.
6. The liver
 is the largest internal organ in the body.
7. All the students
 were eagerly waiting for the art class.
8. Our dog Peppy
 is very playful.
9. Video games and online games
 are very popular with adult and children alike.
10. Birds that live in cold places
 migrate to warmer regions in winter.
11. Almost everyone
 agreed with each other.
12. The cruel king
 was hated by all his subjects.
13. The entire town
 was destroyed by the earthquake.
14. The newly-wed couple
 bought a house in the city.
15. A loud noise
 woke me up in the middle of the night.
16. Mother and father along with my brother
 have gone out.
17. How the people
 crowd the station.
18. Can you
 tell me the name of the girl?
19. Take this message to the central office.


                                                                  key

1. John and I went for a walk in the evening.

2. This is where I come to buy groceries.
3. Hundreds of people
 visit the museum every week.
4. The moon
 is the earth's natural satellite.
5. Mrs. Banks
 took her nephew to the zoo yesterday.
6. The liver
 is the largest internal organ in the body.

7. All the students were eagerly waiting for the art class.
8. Our dog Peppy
 is very playful.
9. Video games and online games
 are very popular with adult and children alike.
10. Birds that live in cold places
 migrate to warmer regions in winter.

11. Almost everyone agreed with each other.
12. The cruel king
 was hated by all his subjects.
13. The entire town
 was destroyed by the earthquake.
14. The newly-wed couple
 bought a house in the city.
15. A loud noise
 woke me up in the middle of the night.
16. Mother and father along with my brother
 have gone out.
17. How the people
 crowd the station.
18. Can you
 tell me the name of the girl?
19. Take this message to the central office.

 

Verbs Exercise. Page 108



C. Cross out [x] the wrong verb forms in the boxes and complete the paragraph
I 1 [has/had] a very good time during the holidays. We
2 [spend/spent] two weeks with Aunt Susan’s family. My cousins and I 3 [went/go] to the beach every evening. We 4 [built/build] sand castle 5 [swam/swim] in the water. The huge waves 6 [splash/splashed] all over us and we 7 [are/were] completely wet in no time. We 8 [bring/brought] home sea-shells and colorful pebbles. Uncle Tom 9 [take/took] to the zoo on one of the days. He 10 [showed/show] us all the animals in their enclosures and 11 [explain/explained] about them in detail. We all loved feeding the elephants. It 12 [was/be] the most enjoyable time of the holidays.
 
 
key
C. Cross out [x] the wrong verb forms in the boxes and complete the paragraph
I 1 [has/had] a very good time during the holidays. We
2 [spend/spent] two weeks with Aunt Susan’s family. My cousins and I 3 [went/go] to the beach every evening. We 4 [built/build] sand castle 5 [swam/swim] in the water. The huge waves 6 [splash/splashed] all over us and we 7 [are/were] completely wet in no time. We 8 [bring/brought] home sea-shells and colorful pebbles. Uncle Tom 9 [take/took] to the zoo on one of the days. He 10 [showed/show] us all the animals in their enclosures and 11 [explain/explained] about them in detail. We all loved feeding the elephants. It 12 [was/be] the most enjoyable time of the holidays.
 
 

 

วันจันทร์ที่ 11 กุมภาพันธ์ พ.ศ. 2556

Subject-Verb Agreement

Subject - Verb Agreement
 
     Although you are probably already familiar with basic subject-verb agreement, this chapter begins with a quick review of basic agreement rules.
Subjects and verbs must AGREE with one another in number (singular or plural).  Thus, if a subject is singular, its verb must also be singular; if a subject is plural, its verb must also be plural.
In the present tense, nouns and verbs form plurals in opposite ways: nouns ADD an s to the singular form; verbs REMOVE the s from the singular form.
 
                                    

    These agreement rules do not apply to verbs used in the simple past tense without any helping verbs.
 
                 
 
    The agreement rules do, however, apply to the following helping verbs when they are used with a main verb: is-are, was-were, has-have, does-do.
 
                     

    The agreement rules do not apply to has-have when used as the SECOND helping verb in a pair. 
 
                     
 
    They do NOT apply to any other helping verbs, such as can, could, shall, should, may, might, will, would, must.
 
                

     The subject-verb agreement rules apply to all personal pronouns except I and you, which, although SINGULAR, require PLURAL forms of verbs.
 
 

                               Pre Test                               Post Test
 

Active and Passive

Active Form

In active sentences, the thing doing the action is the subject of the sentence and the thing receiving the action is the object. Most sentences are active.
 
[Thing doing action] + [verb] + [thing receiving action]
Examples:
 
 
 

 

Passive Form

In passive sentences, the thing receiving the action is the subject of the sentence and the thing doing the action is optionally included near the end of the sentence. You can use the passive form if you think that the thing receiving the action is more important or should be emphasized. You can also use the passive form if you do not know who is doing the action or if you do not want to mention who is doing the action.
 
[Thing receiving action] + [be] + [past participle of verb] + [by] + [thing doing action]
 
 
Examples:
 
 

 
                            Click Picture for reading 
 
 
 
 

Tenses

What is Tenses?

        tense (noun): a form of a verb used to indicate the time, and sometimes the continuation or completeness, of an action in relation to the time of speaking. (From Latin tempus = time).
Tense is a method that we use in English to refer to time - past, present and future. Many languages use tenses to talk about time. Other languages have no tenses, but of course they can still talk about time, using different methods.
So, we talk about time in English with tenses. But, and this is a very big but:
  • we can also talk about time without using tenses (for example, going to is a special construction to talk about the future, it is not a tense)
  • one tense does not always talk about one time (see Tense & Time for more about this)

Verb

What is a Verb?

         The verb is perhaps the most important part of the sentence. A verb or compound verb asserts something about the subject of the sentence and express actions, events, or states of being. The verb or compound verb is the critical element of the predicate of a sentence.
In each of the following sentences, the verb or compound verb is highlighted:
Dracula bites his victims on the neck.
The verb "bites" describes the action Dracula takes.
In early October, Giselle will plant twenty tulip bulbs.
Here the compound verb "will plant" describes an action that will take place in the future.
My first teacher was Miss Crawford, but I remember the janitor Mr. Weatherbee more vividly.
In this sentence, the verb "was" (the simple past tense of "is") identifies a particular person and the verb "remember" describes a mental action.
Karl Creelman bicycled around the world in 1899, but his diaries and his bicycle were destroyed.
In this sentence, the compound verb "were destroyed" describes an action which took place in the past.

Noun

What is a Noun?

A noun is a word used to name a person, animal, place, thing, and abstract idea. Nouns are usually the first words which small children learn. The highlighted words in the following sentences are all nouns:
Late last year our neighbours bought a goat.
Portia White was an opera singer.
The bus inspector looked at all the passengers' passes.
According to Plutarch, the library at Alexandria was destroyed in 48 B.C.
Philosophy is of little comfort to the starving.
A noun can function in a sentence as a subject, a direct object, an indirect object, a subject complement, an object complement, an appositive, an adjective or an adverb.


Indirect Object

Indirect Object
    
      An indirect object precedes the direct object and tells to whom or for whom the action of the verb is done and who is receiving the direct object. There must be a direct object to have an indirect object. Indirect objects are usually found with verbs of giving or communicating like give, bring, tell, show, take, or offer. An indirect object is always a noun or pronoun which is not part of a prepositional phrase.

Example: She gave me the report.
(Who received the report? Me.)
  
  
  




INDIRECT OBECTS
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  


  
  
We will make
  
the man
  
an offer.
Get
  
yourself
  
a job.
The captain told
  
the people
  
the story.
You won't grant
  
the soldier
  
immunity.
You gave
  
me
  
some water.
When will she teach
  
the young students
  
the lesson for today?
I will offer
  
the nurses
  
better pay.
It is better to serve
  
the old lady
  
her dinner now.
The cook baked
  
the children
  
some cookies.
Buy
  
the family
  
a new car.
Could you show
  
Cindy
  
the pavilion?
Pitch
  
him
  
a curve-ball.
He usually picked
  
me
  
a winner.
I will build
  
the students
  
a new bookstore.

Direct Object

Direct Object
   
       A direct object is a noun or pronoun that receives the action of a verb or shows the result of the action. It answers the question "What?" or "Whom?" after an action verb. An action verb with a direct object is called a transitive verb. The direct objects on this page are italicized.
Notice each question being answered: "Receives what?" "The action"; "Shows what?" "The question"; etc.

Recognize a direct object when you see one.

        Direct objects are nouns, pronouns, phrases, and clauses that follow transitive verbs [a type of action verb]. If you can identify the subject and verb in a sentence,  then finding the direct object--if one exists--is easy.
 .
Just remember this simple formula:
                        
                            Subject + verb + what? [sometimes who?] = the direct object

Here are examples of the formula in action:

Zippy and Maurice played soccer in the backyard with grapefruit pulled from a tree.

Zippy, Maurice = subjects | played = verb | Zippy and Maurice played what? soccer = direct object

Zippy accidentally kicked Maurice in the shin.

Zippy = subject | kicked = verb | Zippy kicked who? Maurice = direct object


Don't use subject pronouns as direct objects.
    The chart below shows the differences between subject and object pronouns. Because direct objects are objects, always use the objective form of the pronoun.

The Predicate

    Every complete sentence has a predicate.  So, if you want your sentences to be strong and complete, then it’s time for you to meet a very important member of The Completion Team, The Predicate.


      The Predicate is the part of the sentence that does all the talking.  As a member of the Completion Team (A.K.A. parts of a sentence), The Predicate does everything in her power to verbalize (express in words) a statement about The Subject.  In fact, without this master of the verbal arts, your sentences would be speechless. 


SUPER POWERS: 

The Predicate has the power to verbalize a statement about the subject of a sentence.


FINDING THE PREDICATE: 
To find the predicate, ask yourself: what is the sentence verbalizing (expressing in words) about the subject?
 
SUPER EXAMPLES:


#1)     The evil scientist invented a new weapon.
          What is this sentence verbalizing about the subject?
           The predicate: invented a deadly weapon
 
#2)    The cat burglar is stealing cats
 
          What is this sentence verbalizing about the subject?
          The predicate: is stealing cats
 
#3)    The Mermaid swam to their rescue.
          What is this sentence verbalizing about the subject?
          The predicate: swam to their rescue.
 
#4)    The robbers took everything.
          What is this sentence verbalizing about the subject?
          The predicate: took everything
 
 WEAKNESS:
The Predicate gets all her strength and power from working together with her partner, The Subject.  If The Predicate is ever separated from The Subject, she becomes incomplete, and that makes her weak.  If this happens, watch out for an attack from that crumbly villain, The Fragment.

SUPER TEAMWORK:
1)  The Completion Team:  There are two members that belong to The Complete Sentence Super-Team (A.K.A. parts of a sentence), and they are The Subject and The Predicate. These two sentence superheroes always work together because they get their strengths and powers from working with each other.

2)  The Predicate and The Verb:  It’s important to know that The Predicate of a sentence always includes a verb.  Verbs are always a part of the predicate because it’s the verb that empowers a predicate to express action or state-of-being.  Luckily, nobody can wrangle a verb better than The Predicate! 


The Subject

   This hero is an important part of the CompletionTeam (A.K.A. parts of a sentence), because without The Subject, our sentences would have nothing to talk about.

 
 
 
 
 
Every sentence has a central focus, a main character, someone or something that the sentence is talking about.  It's a tough job, but our hero, The Subject, loves to be the center of attention, and he uses all of his powers to make sure that the sentence is always about him.
SUPER POWER:
The Subject has the power to be someone or something that a sentence is talking about.

FINDING THE SUBJECT: 
To find the subject of a sentence, ask yourself: Who or What is the sentence talking about?

The subject can take the form of:  
  • A person
  • A place
  • A thing
 
 
SUPER EXAMPLES:

#1)    Mr. Muscles can bench-press a lot.
               Who or What can bench press a lot? 
           The subject as a person: Mr. Muscles 

#2)     The capital city is protected.
                Who or What is protected? 
           The subject as a place: The capital city

#3)  The time bomb is ticking.
             Who or What is ticking? 
         The subject as a thing (tangible/concrete): The time bomb

#4)   Greed is a powerful force.
             Who or What is a powerful force? 
         The subject as a thing (abstact/intangible): Greed 
 


 

WEAKNESS:

The Subject gets all his strength and power from working together with his partner, The Predicate.  If The Subject is ever separated from The Predicate, he becomes incomplete, and that makes him weak.  If this happens, watch out for an attack from that crumbly villain, The Fragment.

SUPER TEAMWORK:
 There are two members that belong to The CompletionTeam (A.K.A. parts of a sentence), and they are The Subject and The Predicate. These two sentence superheroes always work together because they get their strengths and powers from working with each other.

Subject and Predicate

Subject and Predicate

      Every complete sentence contains two parts: a subject and a predicate. The subject is what
(or whom) the sentence is about, while the predicate tells something about the subject. In the following sentences, the predicate is enclosed in braces ({}), while the subject is highlighted.
Judy {runs}.
Judy and her dog {run on the beach every morning}.
To determine the subject of a sentence, first isolate the verb and then make a question by placing "who?" or "what?" before it -- the answer is the subject.
The audience littered the theatre floor with torn wrappings and spilled popcorn.
The verb in the above sentence is "littered." Who or what littered? The audience did. "The audience" is the subject of the sentence. The predicate (which always includes the verb) goes on to relate something about the subject: what about the audience? It "littered the theatre floor with torn wrappings and spilled popcorn."

Simple Subject and Simple Predicate

    Every subject is built around one noun or pronoun (or more) that, when stripped of all the words that modify it, is known as the simple subject. Consider the following example:

A piece of pepperoni pizza would satisfy his hunger.

The subject is built around the noun "piece," with the other words of the subject -- "a" and "of pepperoni pizza" -- modifying the noun. "Piece" is the simple subject.
Likewise, a predicate has at its centre a simple predicate, which is always the verb or verbs that link up with the subject. In the example we just considered, the simple predicate is "would satisfy" -- in other words, the verb of the sentence.
  
         A sentence may have a compound subject -- a simple subject consisting of more than one noun or pronoun -- as in these examples:

Team pennants, rock posters and family photographs covered the boy's bedroom walls.

Her uncle and she walked slowly through the Inuit art gallery and admired the powerful sculptures exhibited there.

The second sentence above features a compound predicate, a predicate that includes more than one verb pertaining to the same subject (in this case, "walked" and "admired").



วันศุกร์ที่ 4 มกราคม พ.ศ. 2556

Articles Exercise. Page 74-75

      Complete  the  sentences  by  using  a,  an  or  the.


1.        Where  is                            cat ? It  is  in                              garden.
2.        Have  you  seen                                leopard?
3.       My  mother  bought  me                            pair  of  trousers.
4.       My  sister  has  three  pets -                             dog,                            cat  and                            parrot.                            dog  is  called  Gussy,                            cat  is  called  Eric  and                            parrot  is  called  Pepe.
5.       All  trains  have  been  delayed.  I  have  been  waiting  at                            railway  station  for                            hour.
6.       I  went  to                            riverside  for                            walk.
7.       We  went  to                            Chinese  restaurant  at                            end  of                            street.                            food  served  there  is  delicious.
8.       Jamie  is                            quiet  boy.  He  hardly  speaks.
9.       I cannot  find  my shoes. They  are  under                            stairs.
10.                               weather  today  is  lovely.                            Sky  looks  so  blue.
11.   Mrs.  Gibbs  is                            social  worker.
12.   I  want  to  buy                            pair  of  trousers  for  myself.

Complete  the  sentences  with  a,  the  or  put  a cross (X)  if  no  article  is  required.

1.       I   love                            Geography  and                            English.
2.       Lisbon  is                            capital  of  Portugal.
3.                                   vegetables  are  good  for  health.
4.       I  woke  up  when                            clock  struck  seven.
5.       We   spent                            day  at                            museum.  We  came  home  in                            evening.
6.                                   most  children  love  chocolate.
7.       Aren’t                            French  very  good  at  wine  making?
8.       You  need   to  take                            preventive  does   of  medicines.
9.                                   kite  making  is  a  special  skill.
10.   Yesterday,  I  noticed                            tiny  speck  in                            sky  and  realised it  was  not                            bird  but                            fighter  jet  racing   across  sky!