Regular forms
Adjectives
|
Adjective
|
Comparative
|
Superlative
|
| 1. Of one syllable, add-(e)r/-(e)st to form their comparative & superlative forms. | small
hot
safe | smaller (than)
hotter (than)
safer (than) | the smallest (of/in)
the hottest (of/in)
the safest (of/in) |
2. Of two syllables ending in
-ly, -y, -w, also add -er/-est. | friendly
busy
shallow | friendlier (than)
busier (than)
shallower (than) | the friendliest (of/in)
the busiest (of/in)
the shallowest (of/in) |
3. Of two or more syllables,
take more/most. | serious
amazing | more serious (than)
more amazing (than) | the most serious (of/in)
the most amazing (of/in) |
Usage
1. We use the comparative to compare one person/ thing with another.
e.g. Mary is prettier than Ann.
This car is more expensive than the others.
2. We use the superlative to compare one person/ thing with more than one of the same group.
e.g. He is the fastest runner of all.
She is the most intelligent child in the family.
Regular forms
Adverbs
|
Adverb
|
Comparative
|
Superlative
|
| 1. Adverbs having the same forms as their adjectives add -er/-est. | long
fast
early | longer (than)
faster (than)
earlier (than) | (the) longest
(the) fastest
(the) earliest |
| 2. Two syllables or compound adverbs (adjectives+-ly, e.g. careful-carefully) take more/most. | often
slowly
quickly | more often (than)
more slowly (than)
more quickly (than) | (the) most often
(the) most slowly
(the) most quickly |
Irregular forms
| Adjectives/Adverbs | Comparative | Superlative |
good/ well
bad/badly
much/ many/ a lot of
little
few
far | better
worse
more
less
fewer
farther/further | best
worst
most
least
fewest
farther/furthest |
Usage
1. Well is the adverb of good.
e.g. He is a good cook. He cooks well.
2. further (adj) = more
e.g. For further information contact Mr White.
further/farther (adv) = longer (in distance)
| Types of Comparison | Examples |
1. as … (adj/adv) … as
not so/as as … (adj/adv) … as
such a(n)/so … as | She speaks as calmly as usual.
It is not so/as hot as it was yesterday.
This is not such an exciting film as the last one. |
2. twice/three times /half/ etc as …
(adj/adv) … as | Their house is three times as big as ours.
His watch cost half as much as mine. |
| 3. the same as | Your violin is the same as the one I’ve bought. |
4. less … (adj/adv) … than
the least … (adj/adv) … of/in | The red sofa is less expensive than the blue one,
but the black one is the least expensive of all. |
| 5. the + comparative … , the + comparative | The earlier you start, the sooner you’ll finish. |
| 6. comparative + and + comparative | Their life is getting better and better. |
Sentence transformation
1. a. I’ve never seen such a boring movie.
b. It is the most boring movie I’ve ever seen.
2. a. He is taller than his sister.
b. His sister is not as tall as he is/him.
3. a. If you work more, you will earn more.
b. The more you work, the more you will earn.
4. a. She is the quickest runner of all.
b. She is quicker than any other runner.
c. No other runner is as quick as she is/her.
5. a. He is a terrible driver.
b. He drives terribly.
6. a. Jack has got the same number of books as Peter.
b. Peter has got as many books as Jack.
7 a. She hasn’t made as many mistakes as last time.
b. She has made fewer mistakes than last time.
|
ไม่มีความคิดเห็น:
แสดงความคิดเห็น